How to calculate your reorder point
Reorder point = (average daily usage x lead time) + safety stock. Example: sell 20 units a day, supplier lead time is 7 days, and you keep 50 units of safety stock. Reorder point = (20 x 7) + 50 = 190 units.
Safety stock methods
The basic formula is (max daily usage x max lead time) - (average daily usage x average lead time). A statistical method uses service level and demand variability: safety stock = Z x demand standard deviation x square root of lead time.
Lead time demand
Lead time demand is the stock you expect to use while waiting for an order: average daily usage x lead time. It is the core of the reorder point before safety stock.
Reorder point vs reorder quantity
The reorder point is when to order; reorder quantity is how much to order. EOQ, or economic order quantity, balances ordering costs against holding costs to find an efficient order size.
Inventory turnover ratio
Inventory turnover = cost of goods sold / average inventory. It shows how many times you sell through stock in a period; higher turnover ties up less cash, but very high turnover can mean stockout risk.
How to derive each input
Average daily usage comes from total units sold over a period divided by days. Lead time is the average days between placing recent purchase orders and receiving stock. Getting these two right keeps reorder points close to reality.
When to adjust reorder points
Reorder points are not set-and-forget. Recalculate when demand shifts, supplier lead time changes, costs move, seasonality changes, or promotions create a new sales pattern.
Spreadsheet vs software
A spreadsheet is ideal for calculating and tracking reorder points across a manageable SKU count, and it is free to start. As the catalog grows, inventory software can automate reorder alerts.